Upconversion nanoparticles possess unique optical properties, making them attractive for applications in bioimaging, sensing, and disease management. However, their potential toxicity remains a substantial concern. This review aims to provide a in-depth analysis of the toxicity connected with upconversion nanoparticles. It examines various aspects,

Zinc oxide is a substance renowned for its remarkable ability to shield delicate skin. This soothing component has long been used in a number of skincare products, from sunscreens to diaper rash creams, due to its outstanding protective characteristics. Establishing a physical shield on the skin's surface, zinc oxide effectively blocks harmful ra